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Objective vs. Subjective

Being able to recognize objective vs. subjective information is an important skill for individuals in Lean companies. Objective vs. Subjective Definitions Objective: Information or data that is based in fact. Often numerical. Can be verified by an independent third party. Example: Math tests. Subjective: Information or opinions that are open Read more…

Observation

Observation is an important skill for Lean and other methods of continuous improvement. It is necessary to document the “before” process, identify waste, to conduct audits, and to confirm the effectiveness of changes. Observation is simply the practice of watching a process, preferably several times, to learn about it. Observation Read more…

Obsolescence

Any product or service you purchase has a useful life. After that, the value of continuing to use it declines until it makes sense to move to something more modern. The most common example of this is computers. Software becomes outdated at a regular pace as new hardware is developed. Read more…

Occam’s Razor

The common interpretation of Occam’s Razor is that when all other things are equal, the simplest solution is probably right. More accurately, but in less common use, Occam’s Razor says that one should choose the hypothesis that makes the fewest new assumptions. In either case, Occam’s Razor is a tool Read more…

Off the Shelf

The tools, machines, software, or other resources you use to do your job fall into two basic categories. The first type is the most common and contains “off the shelf” resources. The second category includes custom built or highly modified tools, equipment, or even software. Off the shelf items tend Read more…

Office Politics

Office politics are the unwritten rules of interactions in an organization. Social politics form in any group of people that interact regularly. Families have politics. Cliques in schools are a form of politics. And, of course, coworkers have a set of norms that they operate under. Office politics are commonly Read more…

Office, Lean

The Lean office is the result of the progression of Lean from the shop floor to the office environment. It was logical and inevitable that continuous improvement would move from the assembly line to create the Lean office. Why? A significant portion of a manufacturing company costs are administrative. And, Read more…

Ohno, Taiichi

Taiichi Ohno (February 29, 1912-May 28,1990) is considered by many to be the father of the Toyota Production System. He eventually rose to the rank of executive vice president in the company.

While Ohno had many innovative ideas and published several landmark books (see them and other books about him here), perhaps his biggest creative leap was integrating the American supermarket system of resupply into the automotive industry. He was able to lay the foundation for kanban systems, pull, and one-piece flow by changing the way components were supplied to production processes.

One-Piece Flow

One-piece flow is the method of production in which operators or machines work on single units and pass them along to the next process when requested. The most common example of one-piece flow is the assembly line. An operator at each station works on a unit. All of this work-in Read more…

Operators

The term “operator” is frequently used to describe a shop floor worker in a production environment. While it seems to stem from the use of the term “machine operator”, it has been shortened and now is used more universally. The term is more positive than worker, headcount, or the demeaning Read more…

Opinions

Dictionary.com defines an opinion as “a belief or judgment that rests on grounds insufficient to product complete certainty. “ In the world of continuous improvement, people seldom have the luxury of complete certainty. But, unfortunately, they often act with a clear deficit of facts and data to make an informed Read more…

Opportunities

Problems are generally looked at as a situation in which the current condition does not match the “should be” state. Opportunities, on the other hand, occur when you are meeting current expectations, but there is a potential “should be” state, further out, that would provide you substantial reward if you Read more…

Optimization

Optimization is the act of making a system as effective as possible by adjusting the controllable variables. In a nutshell, optimization means figuring out where to set all the controls to make the company, system, process, or other aspect of your life do what you want it to do. “Effective” Read more…

Order Interaction Point

The term order interaction point refers to the location in the fulfillment process where a specific item becomes attached to a specific customer. This doesn’t matter much when there is a standard set of products, but it does have relevance when products require customization. The order interaction point is, in Read more…

OSHA

OSHA, or the Occupational Safety & Health Administration, is a part of the US Department of Labor. It was formed in 1970 with the mission of assuring a safe and healthful working environment by setting and enforcing standards. It also provides training, outreach, education, and assistance. The underlying mission of Read more…

Our Process Is Different

One of the most frequent quotes I encounter when helping people improve their processes is “Our process is different.” People who have not been exposed to continuous improvement efforts frequently believe that their process is so unusual that Lean or Six Sigma or whatever methodology you are using does not Read more…

Outsourcing

Outsourcing is the practice of sending work to another entity (a second company or an individual not employed by the outsourcing company). The main characteristic of outsourcing is that the work contains functions that, up until the outsourcing, had been done by the hiring company. In this manner, it differs Read more…

Overproduction

Overproduction is one of the seven wastes of Lean. It is the act of making a product or performing a service before the downstream customer asks for it. Overproduction is one of the leading causes of excess inventory. Overproduction is prevalent in push systems where upstream processes build according to Read more…

Overtime

Overtime is the period when an hourly wage earner works beyond his or her scheduled time, usually for an incremental boost in pay. State and federal employment laws govern how overtime can be used. Overtime is a useful tool for managing capacity during demand spikes. When a few extra orders Read more…

Ownership

Ownership creates responsibility. Whether it is a company, a process, or a desk, people tend to take more responsibility when they are dealing with something that is theirs. Pride of ownership is a term that is most commonly applied to homes, but it also applies to processes and work areas. Read more…