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8D for Lean Problem Solving (8 Disciplines)

8D for Lean Problem Solving (8 Disciplines)

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The 8D methodology is a type of problem solving that is similar to the DMAIC approach utilized by Six Sigma. Of note, 8D is a shortened form of the original name, ‘8 Disciplines’.

The 8D’s are:

  1. Identify the problem
  2. Use a team approach/form an 8D team
  3. Describe the problem
  4. Interim containment
  5. Define the root cause(s)
  6. Develop solution(s)
  7. Implement the solution(s)
  8. Prevent recurrence
  9. Congratulate the team

This 8D definition may raise the eyebrows of those familiar with the DMAIC problem solving methodology. Many of these problem solving steps do, in fact, overlap with the DMAIC process. ‘Describe’ the problem (in 8D) aligns with ‘Define’ in the DMAIC methodology. ‘Define’ the root causes is similar to the ‘Analyze’ step, etc. Problem identification and congratulating the team in the 8D steps are not directly stated in the DMAIC methodology, but rather are implied.

The single biggest difference in the two methods seems to be the specific mention of ‘Interim Containment’ (building a temporary stopgap into the process) in the 8D methodology. While it is likely done in conjunction with other problem solving methods, formally mentioning it helps prevent skipping the step.

So, which is better (DMAIC vs. 8D system)? Both are strong methods for solving continuous improvement problems. Both provide a consistent, structured approach, and both provide a common language so project status can be easily communicated throughout an organization.

My recommendation is to try both, and then choose the one that works best for you and your personal style. I would encourage you to establish (or follow, if it already exists) a corporate standard so the entire organization is using the same approach. That helps prevent confusion. And don’t be shy about altering the process steps to suit your needs.

The key point is to find a method that works for you, and then to use it.

Which problem solving method do you prefer?

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Try out each of the problem solving methods on the same problem, at the same time. Alternate which step you do first along the way (i.e. start with 8D during the define phase, but then start with DMAIC during the analyze step). This will let you get a true comparison of the two processes on an even footing. It is some extra up front work, but will help you make an informed decision.

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